According to William Glasser, the founder of reality therapy, what leads to the development of "failure identity"?

William Glasser, the founder of reality therapy, posits that "failure identity" develops primarily from a pattern of irresponsible behavior. When individuals consistently make choices that reflect irresponsibility, they can internalize these behaviors, leading to a negative self-concept or identity focused on failure. This process becomes self-reinforcing; as they see themselves through this lens, they may continue to engage in irresponsible behaviors, further entrenching their "failure identity."

In this context, other factors such as lack of emotional support, unresolved trauma, and excessive blame from others may influence an individual's self-perception, but they do not directly lead to the formation of a failure identity in Glasser's framework. Instead, it is the ongoing cycle of making irresponsible choices and the subsequent negative reinforcement of those choices that form the core of how failure identity is established according to his theory.